What makes a firefly glow?
Why do glowworms glow?
One of the most baffling mysteries of the insect world has been
what makes a firefly glow in the dark.
Fireflies, also called lightning bugs, are luminous nocturnal
beetles made up of about 1900 species living in tropical and
temperate areas. The common glowworm is a member of the same beetle
family (Lampyridae).
Fireflies range in size from a few millimetres up to about an
inch (25 millimetres), and have special light organs under their
abdomen. Females that lack wings are commonly referred to as
glowworms.
There are a few peculiarities about fireflies, one of which is
that some adult fireflies do not eat. Another is that frogs that
eat large numbers of fireflies start to glow themselves.
But the biggest mystery has been what causes them to glow.
Secret revealed at last
Neurobiologist Dr. Barry A. Trimmer was the lead author of a
paper in the journal Science in which he finally revealed
the secret of what makes a firefly glow.
The secret is nitric oxide. This is a dissolved gas that lets
the firefly's nervous system switch on its flash of light. Most
firelies produce short, rhythmic flashes.
In a complex arrangement between nerve cells, light-producing
cells, and an enzyme-assisted reaction, the firefly's lantern emits
that greenish glow so common in the early summer twilight in some
parts of the world.
We must add of course, that even though scientists now know what
makes the firefly glow, the whole complex arrangement shouts that
only the Master Creator could create and put together such an
amazing little insect in the first place.
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